Friday, August 15, 2008

Creativity: developing good ideas

"You're so creative." Many of us have heard that over the years and honestly, it makes some of us cringe. Many "creative" people don't feel terribly radical or unique, they have just had some good ideas in the past. The cringing comes from worrying about what happens if we never have another good idea. There are plenty of strategies out there for developing creative ideas and many of them work. You just need to overcome almost everything you have ever been taught. 

More to the point you need overcome the way in which you were taught. "Stop drawing in your book." "Stop talking." "Listen to this..." "The correct way to..." "You should always..." These are common phrases teachers use daily to keep order and maintain student focus. While I'm not saying classrooms should be chaotic and every teacher is a curmudgeon, I do think some effort should be focused on developing creativity. 

When I run brainstorming sessions with my design classes, I am always amazed at how afraid students are to contribute ideas. Brainstorming, when properly done, accepts any idea, no matter how offbeat or crazy. Later ideas are vetted to weed out those that are less likely to produce the desired results. What's interesting is that many of the greatest ideas come from the offbeat or crazy column. For example I was running a brainstorming session where we were to develop a television commercial for a compact car. The target market was women 18 - 24 buying their first car. When polled 85% of this group claimed they wanted reliability above all other features. The most common response to "Why do you want to buy a new car?" was some variation of "reliable transportation to and from work." Some other key features mentioned were power, safety, look, style, and keyless entry. 

So the session was off to a bad start, we had ideas ranging from the carpool ad to the coffee run. Standard stuff that would impress exactly no one. So I asked for ideas that the group would NEVER put in this car ad. I got several puzzled looks and questions but I stuck to it and things started rolling. Then I got "beavers" "aliens" "death" "garage sale" "toilets" "egg salad" and then when the initial spurt was over I expanded on each one. For beavers we began adding other animals that weren't good for car commercials. We ended up with a bunch of animals listed and we went on like that for a few minutes. At the end the board was covered with ideas. 

When it came time to narrow them down I asked for each group member to give me their worst combination of three listed ideas on the board. Then we voted on the worst of those and the winner was "Dead Zombie Cows." 

The Commercial

Close-up of a woman wearing a black cocktail dress walking on a cobblestone street. The cobblestones are shiny from a recent rain and her black high heels provide the only sound as they click nervously along the road. Alternate wide overhead shots showing how alone she is and close-ups of her shoes striking the stones with the night sky as the only backdrop. Then a quick cut to an extreme close up of black fur and a grunting, groaning sound fills the air. The woman stops, looks in every direction, looks down at her small handbag and starts to dig out her keys. She starts walking again. Cut to a close-up of cow snout and vapor escaping a wide nostril... more grunting. The click of heels on stone increases and we see the woman turn toward a dimly lit parking lot. Cut back to a tight shot: the heard of dead zombie cows! Back to her, you see over her shoulder the shiny black coupe. Her hand finally emerges from her bag with the keys. The cows are close now. She is almost to the car now and hits the remote. Close-up door locks unlocking. Close-up the turn signals and headlights blink once. Close-up cow face, eyes blink and look confused. Girl gets in the car and puts her key in the ignition. The engine starts and she shifts into reverse. She backs up almost to the herd of deadly bovine zombies. Then she shifts and floors it. The cows look at the receding taillights and then at one another. They shrug and walk off. The tagline is spoken and displayed: The new (insert car make), and (insert model)... always reliable.

So, when you need to be creative try to be the opposite of a good little boy or girl and who knows what you'll come up with.

Thursday, August 14, 2008

Anticipation: make it work for you

In the immortal words of Lemmy Kilmister, "the chase is better than the catch." Put another way sometimes the anticipation of something is better than the actual experience. How often do we feel let down by the reality of a situation that we have been looking forward to for months? I feel it is very important to enjoy, even to relish the anticipatory emotions leading up to every "big deal" in our lives. Too often we downplay expectations hoping to be pleasantly surprised by the experience. This does not allow us to fully enjoy or take advantage of the warm fuzzy feeling that we generally call anticipation. Why do we deny ourselves this basic pleasure? Chalk it up to lowering expectations, avoiding disappointment, fear of failure, etc. The point, in my view, is that any time we are given the opportunity to feel good about something, we should take it. In fact looking forward to things is a sign of high self-esteem. The optimist has several serious advantages over the pessimist. For example optimists are happier, healthier, and more successful than pessimists.* Pessimists on the other hand do tend to be more realistic than optimists. So, which would you rather be: healthy, happy and successful or realistic and tempted to slit your wrists? I'll take happy anticipation every time!

For those practical people out there think of it this way: optimists visualize positive outcomes. A pessimist sees themselves failing and often this can become a self-fulfilling prophecy. If you are about to make a sales call and you visualize it going badly you may unconsciously contribute to that failure by making a bad pitch or communicating negative feelings non-verbally to your client. If you walk into the same meeting with positive anticipation you can unconsciously pass positive messages to the client and even improve your sales pitch. Do you think professional athletes warm up with thoughts of failure running through their heads? Rather, most high performing pro athletes anticipate success during every practice. They visualize that perfect play, the last minute buzzer shot, the long pass for a touchdown, being the first to break the tape, etc.* Can you apply this to your work, to your life? 

The next time you are looking forward to something and your friends or even the little voice inside your head tells you, "don't get too excited" make sure you remember you have a choice in the matter. Take responsibility for your own happiness and choose to mentally frolic in your anticipation. Just before your next presentation or project take a little time to anticipate success and embrace the idea that this next experience will change your life in the best possible way.

*statistical information on these topics can be found in Human Relations: Strategies for Success 2nd Edition by Lowell H. Lamberton, Leslie Minor-Evans

Wednesday, August 13, 2008

Proximity & Correspondence

The design concepts of proximity and correspondence are two of the most important when it comes to organizing visual information. Creating good visual organization is really about building relationships. For example a photo with a caption underneath, we understand they are related because of their proximity to one another. Think: the closer the components are, the stronger their relationship. As for correspondence, we also establish relationships based on visual similarity. If a bit of blue underlined text turns out to be a link on a web site then we will naturally assume that the next bit of blue underlined text we come across on that site will also be a link. This type of perceptual organization goes back to prehistoric times when man had to categorize things like berries that were safe to eat and those that were, lets say gastronomically challenging. If one yellow berry made our tummies hurt we would be unlikely to try another similar looking yellow berry (correspondence) or, for that matter another berry from the same bush (proximity).

What does this mean for the designer? Well, it is a guide of how to make design easy to interpret for the end user. Take a catalog of home goods as a practical application. To make the catalog easy to interpret the designer should place the item's picture very close to the item's name, description, and price. This establishes the relationship between those elements through proximity. Also each item title, description, and price throughout the catalog should look the same. This means using the same font, size, color, and style for every title, another for every description and so on.  This seems obvious now doesn't it? Yet, how many catalogs have pictures with little inset numbers or letters which we as the customer must track down and match with an item description on the facing page? This design faux pas also exists in many popular magazines. A page of celebrity pictures from a charity event has inset numbers and we are to find their counterparts in a paragraph of text about the event? 

These concepts are powerful outside design as well. In fact they help explain a lot about how we interpret the world around us. Let's say you are in the parking lot of your favorite discount store... how about Target? As you are walking from your car you see an older man (70 or so) and a young girl (8-9). They are close to one another and walking in the same direction. What do you assume? Grandfather and granddaughter? Pedophile and victim? Either way you have given them a pretty powerful relationship based solely on proximity. Say you continue into the store, shopping for a greeting card and pet food. In the greeting card section you run into a woman wearing a purple and white striped sweater and green corduroy pants with brown clogs. After you overcome your gag reflex you pick out a card and head over to the pet section for cat food (you now have a cat). In the pet food section you see a guy wearing a purple and white striped long sleeved knit shirt, green cords, and brown sandals. Do you assume coincidence? No, you build a relationship in your head. Two escaped mental patients, performers of some kind, people who lost the same bet, married couple with no taste, etc. Thus you have built a relationship based on correspondence. 

Pay attention and note how often these two concepts help shape your reality and make sure to use them on your next design project.

Tuesday, August 12, 2008

Introduction & The Hardware of Fashion

For those of you who don't know me I am a graphic designer living in Charlotte, North Carolina. I worked in the printing industry for ten years before striking out on my own. I began The James-Winston Company in 1999 and it has been my great privilege to work with some great clients over the years. I look forward to adding many more to that list. I have a master of science degree in print media from The Rochester Institute of Technology. I currently chair the graphic design department at King's College, so right now my days are pretty full.

This blog will undoubtedly cover a wide range of topics that I can't predict, but I am sure it will hit design topics, modern style, some photography, lecture notes (great for those of you in my classes), things I find amusing, and probably some finer points regarding food. 

I will keep posts short, sweet, and more or less to the given point. Please feel free to comment or drop me an email here

Today's topic: The Hardware of Fashion

OK, this is a little thing but it really says a lot about an individual's taste and style. If you have metal bits showing in any part of your "outfit" they should all match. Sounds simple right? Unfortunately it evidently escapes the majority of people I see out and about town. So if you have shoes with some sort of buckle, a belt, cuff links, a watch, and a ring they should all match.

A few words about wedding and engagement rings... many people feel that these are the only exception to this rule but I disagree. I have several bands and swap them out depending on what I am wearing that day. I guess it could be seen as extravagant to have two engagement rings but hey, who doesn't want another rock?

Think about this next time you are getting ready in the morning are you breaking this rule?